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Working Principle of a Protective Scheme
How Does the Protective Relay Work ?
Consequences of Short-Circuit Currents
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Fault Current
Faults: Real Power Deficit
Fault: Overloads
Interturn Faults
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Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Fault Current
• Symmetrical fault current: If in a circuit mainly containing reactance, a short circuit occurs at the peak of the voltage wave, th...
Lightning Protection System of Buildings
• The role of the building protection system is to protect it against direct lightning strokes. The system consists of: – - the ca...
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Short-circuit Currents
• “Symmetrical" and “Asymmetrical” are terms used to describe the symmetry of the short-circuit current waveform around the zer...
Zones of Power System Protection
• For convenience and to limit the extent of the power system that is disconnected when a fault occurs, power system is divided into ...
Time Variation of Short-circuit Current
The short-circuit current from various sources is illustrated in figure 2-1. Since short-circuit current from rotating machines varies ...
Types of Circuit Breaker
• According different criteria there are different types of circuit breaker . • According to their arc quenching media the circuit...
Consequences of Short-Circuit Currents
A short circuit is one of the major incidents affecting electrical systems. The consequences are often serious, if not dramatic: ...
Objectives of Power System Protection
• The objective of power system protection is to isolate a faulty section of electrical power system from rest of the live system ...
Effects of Lightning on Electrical Installations
Lightning damages electrical and electronic systems in particular: transformers, electricity meters and electrical appliances on both r...
Typical Relay and Circuit Breaker Connections
Typical single line AC connection: Typical three-phase AC connection: